Reenforcement for pavements and the like



April 20 1926. r

' E. L. BENEDICT ET AL REENFORCEMENT FOR PAVEMENTS AND THE LIKE 'Original Filed May 29, 1924 '2 Sneet $h i 1 s Oce T N MWM w Wa g n w ..E mm h a0 I; .4 d U1 In &

2 Snee'tS-Sheet 2 E. L. BENEDICT ET AL REENFORCEMENT FOR PAVEMENTS AND THE LIKE Original Filed May'29. 1924 April 20 ,.1-926.

' INVENTORS 3 Edward LBe'riedl'cf mm! Rab'erl- L. G)ose b ns/Mama 91m Patented Apr. 2( 1926.

' UNITED STATES A 1,581,506 PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD L. BENEDICT AND ROBERT L. GLOSE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

REENFORCEMENT FOR PAVEMENTS AND THE LIKE.

Original application filed May 29, 1924, Serial No. 716,693. Divided and this application filed May 20,

1925.- Serial No. 31,469.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD L. BnNn- DIOT and ROBERT L. GLosn, citizens of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Reenforcements for Pavements and the like, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a reenforcing fabric for use with concrete, or other cementitious material in roads, floors and other generally similar structures, and constitutes a division of application Serial No. 716,693, filed May 29, 1924.

One object of the invention is to provide a fabric for reenforcing a cementitious monolith against variously directed stresses, which requires little or no assembling of the elements thereof in laying the fabric.

Another object of the invention is to provide a reenforcing fabric in which the various elementsof the fabric fully perform'the functions of supporting and mutually spacing the other elements thereof, so that the fabric may be laid entire without depending upon the material in which it is to be embedded for support or spacing of the ele ments.

A further object of the invention is to provide such rigidity in the support of the main reenforcing elements of the fabric, that such elements are held rigidly against any movement during pouring of the embedding mat rial which might create a space adj acent such reenforcing elements; and to so anchor the main reenforcing elements that vibration of the same in a slabof cementitious material is entirely prevented. I

A still further ob'ect of the invention is to provide indicated, which furnishes in itself seats for supporting and positioning additional transverse reenforcing elements,-without any mechanical attachment of such elements to the remainder of the fabric.

In the accompanying drawingsFigure 1 is a plan. view of the reenforcing fabric of the present invention, during one stage in the manufacture thereof; Figure 2 is a plan view of the completed fabric without any additional transverse reenforcing elements; Figure 3 is a side elevation of the fabric as shown in Figure 2; Figure 4 is a plan view of the completed fabric, showing an ada reenforcing fabric of the'nature ditional transverse reenforcing element in place therein; Figure 5 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Figure 4; Figure- 6 is a cross sectional view through a por-' tion of a roadway, showing the fabric of Figures 4 and 5 embedded therein; Figure 7 is a similar view, but showing a road having an inclined subgrade and the fabric made to accommodate itself thereto; and

Figure 8 is an isometric view of the fabric and additional reenforcing element.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings, the fabric comprises primarily strand members or elements 1, which may be rods, bars, or heavy wires; and stay bars or elements 2, which extend transversely of the strand elements, and which are preferably wires but may be bars or rods .if so desired.- The stay elements 2 are welded or tied to the strand elements 1 in any suitable manner. As shown, the stay elements 2 are offset from the horizontal plane of the elements 1, but 7 form loops 3 having extremities 4 lying in a common planeparallel to the horizontal plane of the strand elements.

According to the preferred method of manufacture, the stay elements 2' are originally disposed in substantially the same horizontal plane as the strand elements, ex-

tending transversely thereof, and are welded or otherwise suitably secured thereto. These stay elements are then offset a uniform vertical distance from their original horizontal plane, which is the horizontal plane of the strand elements. In accordance with the present invention, the loops 3 are offset at an angle-to the horizontal plane of the strand elements. This angular projection of the loops of thestay elements may be effected subsequently to a direct vertical offsetting thereof, or their horizontal offsetting may be determined simultaneously with the vertical offsetting.

As shown, adjacent loops of the same stay member or element are offset at opposite angles to the horizontal plane of the strand elements, to provide equally but oppositely inclined loops. Itwill be noted that all the extremities 4 of the row in each interval 5, that is all the loops lying in the same interval between two strand elements, are inclined in the same direction, and that'the loops'ofthe row or rows in any interval or intervals adjacent to a designated interval, extend at an opposite angle to those of the row in the designated interval. The effect of this staggered arrangement of the loops is to secure the maximum supporting effect afforded by a plurality of triangular bases extending transversely of the strand elements.

It may be noted that the offsetting of these loops is uniform throughout the fabric. The uniform relative spacing of the strand, or main reenforcing, elements is therefore not effected by the formation of the loops in the stay elements.

In order to still further stifien the structure, and in order to provide seats for additional transversely extending reenforcing elements, the loops 3 of the stay elements 2 are then brought into the form shown in Figures 2 and t of the drawings; which form is the distinctive feature of the present invention.

In order to produce this structure, be

ginning with the structure shown in Figures 1 and 3,alternate strand elements 1 are pulled in opposite longitudinal directions from their original positions into the positions shown in Figure 2. a

This readjustment of the longitudinal positions of the various strand elements produces a distortion of the loops 3 of the stay elements, and produces loops having two legs which are unsymmetrically disposed with respect to each other and to the strand elements to which they are connected. Thus each of the loops 3 is distorted to provide a leg'6, which forms an angle with the horizontal plane of the strand elements; and a leg 7 which forms a relatively greater angle therewith.

This arrangement causes the similar legs 6 of each of the loops 3 to cross the legs 6 of the adjacent loops of the same stay element, as is shown in Figure 3 of the drawings. The longitudinal disarrangement of the strand elements 1 over that shown. in Figure 1 of the drawings does not affect the mutual spacing of the strand elements, the intervals 5 between the strand elements being the same as before longitudinal disarrangement of such elements The portion of any strand element in any interval is also identical with the portions of all the other strand elements in the same interval, and each of the legs 6 is similar in form and degree of inclination to all the other legs 6 of the fabric.

When the fabric of the present invention is laid, preparatory to the pouring of a concrete slab therearound, the form of the loops into which the stay elements are distorted prevents the lifting or shifting of any portion of the fabric, due to weight imposed on any other portion thereof. Such weight merely serves to spread apart adjacent loops 3, and to increase the area of the triangular space or frame 8, which is formed by the crossing of the legs 6 of adjacent loops, and which extends transversely of the strand elements of the fabric.

As shown in Figures 4 to 8 of the drawings, the intersection of the legs 6 of adjacent loops 3 provides in each strand element a series of supporting seats 9, which series extends transversely of the fabric. When the fabric is laid preparatory to pouring cementitious material around it, additional reenforcing bars, or elements, 10 may be placed in these seats 9, and will be supported thereby without fastening or tying such elements to the remainder of'the fabric. It may be noted that these seats not only sup port the additional reenforcing elements 10, but also prevent displacement thereof longitudinally of the main reenforcing or strand elements 1 of the fabric.

with the arrangement of the present invention, substantially the same effect is obtained whether the strand elements of the fabric be laid longitudinally or transversely of the roadway. This is the case because the additional reenforcing elements provide a reenforcement extending at right angles to that of the strand elements.

hat we claim is:

1. A reenforcing fabric for use with cementitious materials comprisinga plurality of strand elements disposed in the same horizontal plane, and stay elements inter= connecting said strand elements; said stay elements being formed with loops offset from the horizontal plane of the strand elements and extending angularly from the horizontal plane of the strand elements, such loops being so arranged that the projection of one leg of each loop crosses similar legs of adjacent loops of the same stay element.

2. A reenforcing fabric for use with cementitious materials comprising a plurality of strand elements disposed in the same horizontal plane, and stay elements interconnecting said strand elements; said stay elements being formed with loops offset from the horizontal plane of the strand elements and extending angularly from the horizontal plane of the strand elements, such loops being so arranged that the projection of one leg of each loop crosses similar legs of adjacent loops of the same stay element; and transverse reenforcing members supported in the seats formed by the intersection of the legs of the loops of each stay element.

3. A reenforcing fabric for use with cementitious materials comprising a plurality of strand elements disposed in the same horizontal plane, and stay elements interconnecting said strand elements; said stay elements being formed with loops offset. from the horizontal plane of the strand element and alternate loops of the same stay element extending at opposite angles from the horizon-' tal plane of the strandelements, such loops lZO being so arranged that the projection of one leg of each loop crosses similar legs of adjacent loops of the same stay element.

4. A reenforcing fabric for use With cementitious materials comprising a plurality of strand elements disposed'in the same hori- Zontal plane, and transverse stay elements interconnecting the strand elements; said stay elements being formed with loops oflset from the horizontal plane of the strand elements and extending longitudinally of the strand elements, the loops in adjacent intervals between strand elements extending in opposite longitudinal directions, and such loops being so arranged that the projection of one leg of each loop crosses similar legs of adjacent loops of the samestay element.

In Witness whereof, We hereunto set our hands.

EDWVARD L. BENEDICT. ROBERT L. GLOSE. 

